Improved machine for making tin-lined lead pipe



H. J. BAILEY.` MACHINE IOR MAKING IIN LINIID LEAD PIII.`

t top or cross plate, B.

UNITED STATES PATENT DEFICE.

HARRY J. BAILEY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVED MACHINE FOWR MAKING TIN-LINED LEAD PIPE. g

Specification forming part of Let-ters Patent No. 91,815, dated June 29, 15u69.

To all whom it may awww-n:4 V

Be it known that I, HARRY J. BAILEY, ot' the city of Pittsburg, in the county of Alle. glieny an'd State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machinesfor Making Tin-Lined Lead Pipe; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof', reference beinghad to the accompanying drawing, making a part of this specification, which is a vertical section of my improved machine as formed by a plane passing through its axis or central line ot' motion, the particular position of' the devices shown being that which they occupy when the compound lead and tin ingot is about half pressed out,

My invention relates to that class ot machines for makingtin-lined lead pipe in which a double core is used for making the compound lead and tin ingot, one core being an extension of the other; andlthe nature ot it consists in so conibining such double core with a sin gle hydraulic press as that, in connection with an ingotcylinder, plunger, and dies, such combination .will perform the functions heretofore performed by the use of a doublehydraulic press.

'lo enable others skilled-in the art to make and use my invention, Iwill proceed to describe its construction and mode of operation.

- A is the hydraulic cylinder, having a cylindrical cavity, A. By the upright B' or.other suitable frame-work this is connected with the In the cavity A is operated a close-fittin g piston, O,- the joints between the two being closed 'byl a collar, c, secured to the cylinder A, and any suitable packing, c. The vertical depth of the cavity A' and the length ot' the piston C are suoli as to permit ot' the motions hereinafter t0 be described.

Through holes of the proper size in the cylinder A and piston C (such holes being in the` central line ofinotion of the latter) I pass the double core a a! or a core-stem, a", with a main orlarge core, a, screwed into its upperend, and a smaller core, a', into the upper end ot' that, and all in the same axial line.

lo the upper end ot' the piston (l is attached by bolts cl an ingot-cylinder, D, an annular collar-block, d, being interposed between the two as a carrier for the an nnlar removable collar e, such collar being adjusted and held in place by set-screws'e'. The collar-block land collare form the bottom of the in got cylinder D.

lno the top plate, B', is attached in any suit" holder bis set and adjusted by setsere'ws a removable annular die, i, which die forms the outer face ot' the pipe and should be of the diameter required for that purpose. The inside diameter ot the collar c is the same as the outside diameter of the core a, which plays through it. The double core a a', in got-cylinder D, and dieholder b are arranged with a common :axial line, and so that they may play into each other, in the manner presently to be described.

To force water into the cavity A so as to operate the piston, I use pipes leading from a force-pump, the one, f, above the head c" ot' the piston C and the other below, so as by forcing water in to raise or lower the piston 0 at pleasure. By keys g and g', which pass through key-holes in the corentl a, Ihold it to any desired point ot' adjustment.

To the bottom ofthe cylinder A, I attach a hollow core-block, h, and'in such position that the core-stem a", passing through the bottom of the cylinder, shall also play closely through the hollow cavity of this core-block li. A mortise is made through this core-block h to admit ofthe insertion of a key, g', which also passes lthrough a key-hole in the core-stem a or the extended core a, the object being to key or fasten at certain times during the operation of the machine the cores to the cylinder so as to raise or lower the pistou without moving the cores. In like manner the collar-block d is mortised so as to admit akey, g, which also passes through a key-hole in the core a., the object being to key the cores to the piston so that the two maybe raised orlowered together.

The operation ot' my machine is as follows: The piston-head c being near the bottomof the cavity A', the cores a a are to be adjusted till' the larger core a occupies the axial line ot' the ingot-eylinder D to its top, and is keyed there by the key g passing through it and through the collar-block d. The upper end f the ingot cylinder D will then be opened. Into it I pour a charge ot' molten lead, lling the cavity of the cylinder D around the corea. A part of this lead ingot not yet pressed out is shown at m.. As soon as this lead is fairly hardened or set I remove the key g, pass it through a key-hole in the steril-block h and the lower end ofthe stem a", as at g', in such way as to prevent the cores from being raised when the piston C goes up. By forei ng water through the pipe j", I then raise the piston G, and along with it the ingot-cylinder D and the lead part m of the ingot, until the cores av a come to the position shown in the drawing, the upper end of the larger core being even with the upper face ofthe collar-block d, and the smaller core .a' being in the axial line of the cavity thus left in the lead part m of thc'ingot. Achargc of molten tin is then poured into the cavity between the smaller core a. and the lead m, which solidities and forms the tin part of the compound ingot, as shown-at n. The smaller core a', it will beobserved, should be ofthe size desired for the inside of the pipe to be made. The key g is then removed and replaced, as at y, as shown in the drawing. Wa-

yter is again forced in under the piston C, and

the upper end of the compound ingot m 'n is brought against the lower end of the die-hold er b, the cores moving upward along with the piston G. The pressure being continued, the lead and tin mv n are'foreed out at the same time through an annular cavity between the smaller core a and the die i. The two metals are united by the pressure, so as to form a tinlined lead pipepl, which passes oli' over the top of theeore a' through the aperture o and is coiled in proper condition for .m arket. When the charge has allor nearly all been pressed out I reverse the motion of the piston C, mold D, and coresa e', by which the core a. is stripped clear of the pipeand fragmentof the chargeabove,

and I lower away by forcing water into the cavity A above the piston-head 0'! until the upper end of the ingot-mold I) is clear of the lower end of the die-holder b. I then remove the key from g to g', so as to hold the cores fixedly in position, and lower the piston a distance about equal to the vertical depth of the cavity of the mold D till thelarger part a of the core occupies the axial line of the cavity of themold. I then turn into the ingotmold D a new charge of lead. As soon as it is set I elevate the piston C till the small core a. comes in the axis ofthe cavity inside the lead part o f the ingot. The charge of molten ti'n'is then poured in as before.- Again shifting the keys, I force the compound ing'ot so cast up against the fragment of the old ingot which remains attached to the die-holder b and apply sufficient pressure to continue the exudation of the combined metals, whereby also a perfect union is effected between the successive ingots and a continuous pipe,'l, is produced.

By using a eore-stem, a,.I am enabled to use cores a a of different absolute as well vas different relative sizes, so as to malte. pipe of diferent sizes, and also pipe of lead and tin of different relative thickness. The larger the small core a. is made the greater will be the inside diameter of the pipe l, and the greater the difference in diameter between the two cores a a the thicker will be the tin part n of the compound ingot, and vice versa. It will also be observed that the collar is removable, so that a collar may be substituted having an aperture corresponding in size to the larger core a, which plays through it. Also, the die t' is removable, so that any other sizeddie may be inserted in order t-o make the pipe l of an required outside diameter.

l do not limit myself to the use of keys g g' for securing the cores, as set-screws or other equivalentmechanical device may be subst-ituted therefor; nor is it material to what part of the devices described the cores are keyed or otherwise fastened, provided thatwvhen they are to move with the pistou up or down they be attached to the piston or to some part that moves with it, and also provided that when they are to be stationary during the time the piston moves they be fastened to some fixed part or otherwise held from moving. The or der of the motions in lowering after one ingot is pressed out into la pipe and until another is ready to be pressed need not be rigidly adhered to, provided only that when the casting or pouring of the metals is done the cores and ingot-mold be in the proper' relative positions.

Also, in bringing lthe larger core a into the cavity ofthe mold D it is better to have it so arijusted that the key-holes in the core a shall, when the casting is being done, be above or below the mold D. This I ei'ect by making the distance between the key-holes greater than thelength ofthe mold D` Ihen when the core is up the upper key-hole will be above the upper end of the mold D, amlwhendown both will be below.

The advantages I claim over similar machines heretofore constructed are cheapness, simplicity, and ease of operation.

I am aware that it is not new to make tinlined lead pipe by causing the two metals to exude through a die and over a core; also, that hydraulic cylinders and piston or plunger have been used in such process; also, that a double core, the smaller being an extension of the larger, in connection with a double hydraulic press, is not new; but

What I claim as my inveniion,and desire to `secure by Letters Patent, is 1. .An adjustable double core, a a', with or without a stem, a, arranged in and along the axial linepof the machine, substantially as and for the uses set forth.

2. The cylinder A, piston (J, ingot-mold D,

and double core a a', with -or without a stem, a", in combination with keys y y', or the mei chanical equivalents thereof, all arranged and operated substantially in the manner and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I, the said HARRY J. BAILEY, have hereunto set my hand.

HARRY J. BAILEY. Witnesses JOHN GLENN, ,GL H. OHRxsrv. 

